Landmark Judgements — Cite These in Court
Indian Medical Association v. V.P. Shantha (1995) 6 SCC 651
Supreme Court
Doctors and hospitals are service providers under CPA. Any patient can file a consumer complaint for medical negligence.
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Kusum Sharma v. Batra Hospital (2010) 3 SCC 480
Supreme Court
Sets out 11 principles for medical negligence. A doctor who follows accepted practice is not negligent merely because an alternative existed or another professional opinion differed.
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Nizam's Institute v. Prasanth Dhananka (2009) 6 SCC 1
Supreme Court
Compensation for permanent disability must cover all future medical costs plus loss of income. Total compensation of approximately ₹1 crore plus 6% interest from the date of the complaint was awarded.
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Frequently Asked Questions
Can I file a consumer complaint against a government hospital? +
What determines the compensation in a medical negligence case? +
There is no fixed or guaranteed amount. Compensation depends on the specific facts proved — the severity and permanence of the harm, medical expenses incurred and future medical needs, loss of income, and the strength of the expert evidence establishing negligence. The Commission decides the amount, if any, case by case.
What is the time limit to file? +
2 years from the date of the negligent act or from the date you discovered the negligence (Section 69, CPA 2019).
Do I need a medical expert opinion? +
It is strongly advisable. Courts look for expert evidence confirming that the doctor/hospital deviated from the standard of care.